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Jessie Franklin Turner, who worked for Bonwit Teller in the custom salon
from 1916 to 1922, established her own couture business, which was successful
for many years even though she did not advertise conspicuously. In her
early career she also designed under the name "Winifred Warren, Inc."(42) Another important factor in American fashion during
the 1910s and early 1920s was Lucile, an English import via Paris. When
she opened her New York house in the early 1910s, she established her
reputation by dressing young ballroom dancer Irene Castle, an important
style model for many young women at the time. During World War I, she
was a leader in encouraging American silk manufacturers to produce better-designed
goods and often used American-made silks in her work. In the Tirocchi
Archive is an invitation from Lucile Ltd. to view a special "exhibition
for dressmakers" from March 9 to 15, probably in 1916, although no year
is mentioned. The invitation specified that this would be a "unique" event,
"planned and carried out solely because of the present chaotic conditions
in the world of fashion due to the war," and would show models "mostly
of American-made goods" in aid of the "Made-in-America" movement.(43)
She also hired American design talent and purchased sketches from free-lance
designers. Howard Greer, later an important figure in Hollywood and Seventh
Avenue fashion, spent a brief period as an employee of Lucile.(44)
Old newspapers and trade journals tantalize with names seemingly once
well known, but no longer familiar. Ethel Traphagen won first prize for
her entries in the 1912-13 New York Times competition to encourage
American "style creators" and went on to run an important New York school
for fashion design. Mollie O'Hara, another name from the 1910s and 20s,
was influential enough in the custom field to have had a fabric named
after her by H. R. Mallinson & Company: "Molly-O crepe." Another dressmaker,
Marguerite (also called Madame Margé), who thrived between the
wars in New York and Chicago, is documented in the Special Collections
Library at the Fashion Institute of Technology, New York. There are scrapbooks
of sketches from the 1920s embellished with trim samples [fig. 87] and
newspaper clippings from 1937 discussing her success with a line using
Indonesian batik fabrics. Her name appeared often in the American Silk
Journal in the 1910s, when her work was featured for its use of American
silks. Three times between 1915 and 1918 she won the Gossard Trophy for
excellence in dress design from the Fashion Art League of America. H.
R. Mallinson's Blue Book of Silks from 1921 displays photographs
of Margé models made in Mallinson silks. She seems to have managed
to run a successful business between the 1910s and late 1930s and was
listed as a customer in the records of Soieries F. Ducharne for the early
1930s, yet her name never appears in Vogue or Harper's Bazaar,
nor has her story been published.(45)
There were probably dozens of women like her, successful to varying degrees,
who survived primarily through word of mouth, as the Tirocchi sisters
did, and who in fact preferred to keep a low profile and an exclusive
clientele.
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